How it works
Why does it behave this way?
- 1
A second machine
Which three constraints shape every observability system, and why does exactness stop mattering?
2 pages - 2
Emission
Why do counters survive lost scrapes when gauges do not, and why can percentiles never be averaged?
5 pages - 3
Data-state observables
Why are datasets correct per arrival rather than per request, and why are ETAs so often wrong?
3 pages - 4
Signal to action
Why are nine of ten pages noise even with a perfect detector, and what is the only structural fix?
5 pages - 5
Active observation
How does manufactured traffic observe absence, and what can it never prove?
2 pages - 6
What observability forbids
What can never be observed?