Model
Garbage-collection overhead and headroom
GC cost ≈ live set ÷ headroom. Tuning moves you along that curve; off-heap changes which term you are standing on.
- Heap
- the heap size
- Live set
- the live set
How it behaves
One input on the horizontal axis, the others held fixed.
Data table
| Heap ÷ live set H/L | Overhead (relative) |
|---|---|
| 1.05 | 20× |
| 1.16 | 6.18× |
| 1.27 | 3.65× |
| 1.39 | 2.59× |
| 1.5 | 2.01× |
| 1.61 | 1.64× |
| 1.72 | 1.39× |
| 1.83 | 1.2× |
| 1.94 | 1.06× |
| 2.06 | 0.946× |
| 2.17 | 0.856× |
| 2.28 | 0.781× |
| 2.39 | 0.718× |
| 2.5 | 0.665× |
| 2.62 | 0.619× |
| 2.73 | 0.579× |
| 2.84 | 0.543× |
| 2.95 | 0.512× |
| 3.06 | 0.485× |
| 3.18 | 0.46× |
| 3.29 | 0.437× |
| 3.4 | 0.417× |
| 3.51 | 0.398× |
| 3.62 | 0.381× |
| 3.73 | 0.366× |
| 3.85 | 0.351× |
| 3.96 | 0.338× |
| 4.07 | 0.326× |
| 4.18 | 0.314× |
| 4.29 | 0.304× |
| 4.41 | 0.294× |
| 4.52 | 0.284× |
| 4.63 | 0.275× |
| 4.74 | 0.267× |
| 4.85 | 0.259× |
| 4.97 | 0.252× |
| 5.08 | 0.245× |
| 5.19 | 0.239× |
| 5.3 | 0.232× |
| 5.41 | 0.227× |
| 5.52 | 0.221× |
| 5.64 | 0.216× |
| 5.75 | 0.211× |
| 5.86 | 0.206× |
| 5.97 | 0.201× |
| 6.08 | 0.197× |
| 6.2 | 0.192× |
| 6.31 | 0.188× |
| 6.42 | 0.185× |
| 6.53 | 0.181× |
| 6.64 | 0.177× |
| 6.76 | 0.174× |
| 6.87 | 0.17× |
| 6.98 | 0.167× |
| 7.09 | 0.164× |
| 7.2 | 0.161× |
| 7.31 | 0.158× |
| 7.43 | 0.156× |
| 7.54 | 0.153× |
| 7.65 | 0.15× |
| 7.76 | 0.148× |
| 7.87 | 0.145× |
| 7.99 | 0.143× |
| 8.1 | 0.141× |
| 8.21 | 0.139× |
| 8.32 | 0.137× |
| 8.43 | 0.135× |
| 8.55 | 0.133× |
| 8.66 | 0.131× |
| 8.77 | 0.129× |
| 8.88 | 0.127× |
| 8.99 | 0.125× |
| 9.11 | 0.123× |
| 9.22 | 0.122× |
| 9.33 | 0.12× |
| 9.44 | 0.118× |
| 9.55 | 0.117× |
| 9.66 | 0.115× |
| 9.78 | 0.114× |
| 9.89 | 0.113× |
| 10 | 0.111× |
Worked examples, recomputed
Every number the mechanisms quote for this relationship is recomputed from it, so none of them disagrees with it.
Where it appears
Each mechanism states it in its own names. The general symbol each name stands for is shown with it.
- Memory & Resource Management
Who is allowed to hold how much memory, for how long, and what happens to the work when the answer is less than it asked for?
- Emergent Failure Dynamics
What happens when nothing is broken, every component is healthy, and the system's own response to stress makes the stress worse?